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Percentage calculator

Percent of · what percent · percent increase or decrease

Three everyday percentage questions in one tool: what is X% of a number, what percent is one number of another, and how much did a value go up or down in percent.

Inputs

Result

Choose a calculation, enter two numbers, and press Calculate.

Disclaimer: Results are rounded for display. Double-check figures used for contracts, grades or financial decisions.

Working out interest on a loan? Use the loan payoff and APR calculator at APR Desk.

How to use the percentage calculator

  1. Pick the question you want answered from the Calculation menu. The two input labels change to match it.
  2. Type your two numbers. Decimals and negative numbers are fine; commas are ignored.
  3. Press Calculate. The answer appears on the right with the formula used, so you can check it on paper. Reset clears everything.

Use “percent of” for things like a 15% deposit or a 7% commission, “what percent” for test scores or budget shares, and “percent change” for price moves, pay raises, or traffic growth.

Quick mental checks: 10% of any number just moves the decimal point one place left (10% of 80 is 8), 5% is half of that, and 1% moves it two places. Combine them to sanity-check the tool: 15% is 10% plus 5%, so 15% of 80 is 8 + 4 = 12. Percentages also work in reverse, since X% of Y always equals Y% of X. That means 8% of 50 is the same as 50% of 8, which is 4.

How it's calculated

All three modes come from the same idea: a percent is a fraction of 100.

X% of Y = (X ÷ 100) × Y
X as a percent of Y = (X ÷ Y) × 100
Percent change = (new − original) ÷ |original| × 100

Percent change is measured against the original value, which is why a rise from 50 to 100 is +100% but a fall from 100 back to 50 is only −50%. The tool divides by the absolute value of the original so the sign of the answer always tells you the direction: positive is an increase, negative is a decrease. Percent change from zero is undefined, so the tool asks for a non-zero starting value.

Worked example

Percent of: a $80 jacket needs a 15% deposit. 15 ÷ 100 × 80 = 12, so the deposit is $12.

What percent: you answered 25 questions out of 200 in a practice set. 25 ÷ 200 × 100 = 12.5%.

Percent change: a monthly bill went from $50 to $65. (65 − 50) ÷ 50 × 100 = +30%. If it later drops from $80 to $60, that is (60 − 80) ÷ 80 × 100 = −25%.

FAQ

How do I work out a percentage of a number?

Divide the percentage by 100 and multiply by the number. For example, 20% of 150 is 0.20 × 150 = 30.

How do I calculate percent increase?

Subtract the original value from the new value, divide by the original value, and multiply by 100. Going from 40 to 50 is (50 − 40) ÷ 40 × 100 = 25%.

Why is a 50% drop not undone by a 50% rise?

Because each percentage is measured from a different starting point. 100 falls 50% to 50, but a 50% rise from 50 only gets you to 75. You would need a 100% rise to get back to 100.

What is the difference between percent and percentage points?

Percentage points are the plain difference between two percentages. A rate moving from 4% to 5% rose by 1 percentage point, which is a 25% relative increase.

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